Medicine Microsurgery Sew Small Essays - Surgery,

Medicine: "Microsurgery: Sew Small" A man came into the emergency ward at one o'clock. His thumb came in an hour later. The surgeon's job: get them back together. The successful re-attaching of fingers to hand requires long hours of painstaking work in microsurgery. In the operating room , the surgeon doesn't stand, but sits in a chair that supports her body. Her arm is cradled by a pillow. Scalpels are present as are other standard surgical tools, but the suture threads are almost invisible, the needle thinner than a human hair. And all the surgical activity revolves around the most important instument, the microscope. The surgeon will spend the next few hours looking through the microscope at broken blood vessels and nerves and sewing them back together again. The needles are so thin that they have to be held with needlenosed jeweller's forceps and will sew together nerves that are as wide as the thickness of a penny. To make such a stitch, the surgeon's hands will move no more than the width of the folded side of a piece of paper seen end on! Imagine trying to sew two pieces of spaghetti together and you'll have some idea of what microsurgery involves. Twenty-five years ago, this man's thumb would have been lost. But in the 1960s, surgeon's began using microscopes to sew what previously had been almost invisible blood vessels and nerves in limbs. Their sewing technique had been developed on large blood vessels over a half century earlier but could not be used in microsurgery until the needles and sutures became small enough. The surgical technique, still widely used today, had taken the frustrating unreliability out of sewing slippery, round-ended blood vessels by ingeniously turning them into triangles. To do this, a cut end of a blood vessel was stitched at three equidistant points and pulled slightly apart to give an anchored, triangular shape. This now lent itself to easier, more dependable stitching and paved the way for microsurgery where as many as twenty stitches will have to be made in a blood vessel three millimetres thick. The needle used for this can be just 70 millimetres wide, only ten times the width of a human blood cell. All this technology is focused on getting body parts back together again successfully. The more blood vessels reattached, the better the survival chances for a toe or a finger. The finer the nerve resection, the better the feeling in a damaged part of the face, or control in a previously useless arm. But the wounded and severed body part must be treated carefully. If a small part of the body, such as a finger is cut off, instead of torn, wrapped in a clean covering, put on ice and then reattached within a few hours, the chance of success is over ninety percent, as long as one good artery and one good vein can be reattached. Not only is micro surgery allowing body parts to be reattached, it's also allowing them to be reshuffled. Before 1969, nothing could be done for you if you'd had your thumb smashed beyond repair. But in the past 14 years, you would have been in luck, if your feet were intact. Every year in North America, hundreds of big toes are removed from feet and grafted onto hands. Sometimes tendons are shifted from less important neighbouring fingers to allow the thumb to work better in its unique role of opposing the other fingers and allowing us to grip. While we in North America can live without our big toes and never really miss them, people in Japan can't. They need their big toes to keep the common footwear, the clog, on their feet. So their second toe is taken instead. Farmers, labourers car accident victims and home handymen are the people most often helped by microsurgery replants. And because blood vessels are being reattached, burn victims can now benefit. Flaps of their healthy skin are laboriously reattached more successfully, blood vessel by blood vessel, to increase chances that the graft will take. Some women, whose diseased Fallopian tubes have become blocked, can have them reopened microsurgically. When a cancerous esophagus must be removed, it can

Essay of The Lesson

Essay of The Lesson Free Online Research Papers In Toni Cade Bambara’s 1972 short story â€Å"The Lesson,† two young, spirited girls from the blue collar district of New York embark on a field trip into a world as foreign to them as if divided by oceans while only a cab ride away. This journey challenges the girls to look not only at the economical but social diversity in our culture and the ways in which it shapes society. Sylvia was a young girl who felt comfortable in her surroundings. She was, in a sense, a bully. Her threatening personality is demonstrated in multiple areas throughout our story line such as, going to the Sunset and terrorizing the West Indian kids by taking their hair ribbons and money (651). She found fault in others as a way to compensate for a low self esteem. Her critical views toward Miss Moore for being black as hell and always planning boring ass trips (650), calling Flyboy a faggot, and giving nicknames such as Big Butt and Junebug. In her attempt to be a leader it becomes evident she is a follower. She was still competitive in spirit. It is obvious that Sylvia has grown up with limited resources as her astonishment is referenced in numerous areas. She says she needed the money more than the cab driver did. She also talks about the people on Fifth Avenue in stockings and a fur coat (651). Once they entered the store she was scared to touch anything. She compared the cost of the toys with the cost of a few months rent. She speaks of the â€Å"Handcrafted sailboat of fiberglass at one thousand one hundred ninety-five dollars.† She says â€Å"unbelievable† (652). Sylvia is blown away by the things she had witnessed that day. At the end of the trip Mrs. Moore finishes with another boring ass lecture and asks if anyone had learned anything. A few of them speak up including Sugar, but Sylvia steps on her feet trying to shut her up. Sugar pushes her off and again joins the conversation. Sylvia, being full of pride, walked away. While pride appears to be the culprit to the reader, the underlying issue is self doubt and fear. Creating a wall not visibly penetrated. It is not until she is truly challenged by her best friend that she finds the inner strength that will guide and direct her. She says â€Å"ain’t nobody gonna beat me at nothing† (655) Research Papers on Essay of "The Lesson"The Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsMind TravelAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Hockey GameThe Project Managment Office System

Marketing Management class discussion wk3 Assignment

Marketing Management class discussion wk3 - Assignment Example It is possible to keep customers who want the company to that want a company to go against its policies in favor of their requests. Instilling loyalty on a brand on a brand is possible. Loyalty results from the excellent services a company offers to its customers (Lindstrom, 2011). It is what the company offers exceptionally that makes clients prefer is brand and must not come from pricing. Each company has a group of clients who would always want to take advantage of policies on return of goods. It is unhealthy for a company to block such clients this may dent the company image. Though it is unhealthy for a company to keep such client, it is vital that to develop a strategy in dealing with those clients (Lindstrom, 2011). The strategy should be such that both the company and the client stand to benefit. The best way is adopting a proper customer relationship management style where the client completely and appreciates the company